History and Religious Practice at the Mosta Rotunda

Rising proudly over the town of Mosta, the Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady—known affectionately as the Mosta Rotunda—embodies both the architectural genius and the steadfast faith of its people. Built between 1833 and 1860 to designs by Giorgio Grognet de Vassé, its immense dome—almost 40 metres across and unsupported by internal pillars—has long been celebrated as one of the largest of its kind in the world. Constructed almost entirely through voluntary local labour, the Rotunda was literally raised by the devotion of the townspeople, who worked on Sundays and feast days to bring their vision of a grand temple to life around an older, smaller church.

The building’s story is inseparable from Malta’s wartime history. On 9 April 1942, a 500-kilogram bomb crashed through the dome during a packed Mass and failed to detonate—a moment since known as The Miracle of Mosta. For parishioners, this was a manifest sign of divine protection; for visitors, it remains a moving testimony to faith and providence amid destruction. A replica of the defused bomb now rests in the sacristy as a symbol of gratitude and remembrance.

Today the Rotunda continues to pulse with the rhythm of parish life. Daily and Sunday Mass fill the circular nave with prayer and music, while annual celebrations such as the Feast of the Assumption on 15 August transform the basilica into the beating heart of the town, alive with processions, bells, and fireworks. The Good Friday pageant and numerous Marian devotions sustain centuries-old traditions, affirming the Dome’s role as a living sanctuary rather than a silent monument.

For pilgrims and travellers alike, stepping inside the Mosta Rotunda offers a meeting of art, history, and faith. Beneath its majestic blue-and-gold dome, sacred paintings, statuary, and marble floors frame a space that invites both awe and reflection. It stands as Malta’s enduring sign of resilience—a house of worship built by its people, guarded by providence, and cherished by all who look up in wonder at its vast and tranquil dome.

On the 9th of April 1942, while there was an Adoration going on with 300 faithful in attendance, a German 500 kg bomb pierced the Mosta dome. No one was hurt and the bomb did not explode. The Mostin consider this to be a miracle.